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| This page contains links to laws and rules that require public officials to declare their assets and wealth. Many countries have these laws and rules because disclosure reduces the chance of corruption. The purpose of obtaining public officials’ declarations is to identify what wealth is not fairly attributable to income, gift, or loan. The compilation demonstrates the wide range of approaches to restraining officials’ undesirable conduct. Knowing how others countries have approached this issue can help those who are drafting officials' asset declaration laws, or making changes to existing ones. The full text of 18 laws /rules is provided, with three being translations. Asset disclosure laws have some common dimensions, so each law was mapped along those common dimensions. Apart from historical information, most laws / rules lay down coverage (who is governed), declaration content, filing frequency and method, declaration processing, punishment for breach, and public access to declarations. This page focuses on what governs appointed public officials, although many laws partly or wholly apply to both appointed and elected officials. For this reason, each law’s coverage of appointed and elected officials has been mapped separately.No best practice can be identified because the provisions of an asset disclosure law / rule depends on many factors such as the country’s history, polity, social traditions, and resources for enforcing the law. The suggested web resources contain logical approaches to asset disclosure and not commentaries on any country’s law or practice.
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